Constancy

• Color constancy is the ability to understand the colors of objects, invariant to the colors of the light source Or the amount of light of any given wavelength reflected from a surface constantly changes, depending upon the type of light or illuminant, in which it is viewed.

In the above image there are 4 representation of same flower, each are from a different light source. so we can tell the color of the object is strongly dependent on the color of the light source.

Types of constancy

Size constancy

• Size constancy is when people's perception of a particular object's size does not change regardless of changes in distance from the object, even though distance affects the size of the object as it is projected onto the retina.

Shape constancy

• Shape constancy is when people's perception of the shape of an object does not change regardless of changes to the object's orientation.

Distance constancy

• Distance constancy refers to the relationship between apparent distance and physical distance.
• It can cause us to perceive things as closer or farther away than they actually are.

Color constancy

• Color constancy is a feature of the human color perception system that ensures that the color of an object is perceived as similar even under varying conditions.

Auditory constancy

• Auditory constancy is a phenomenon in music, allowing us to perceive the same instrument over differing pitches, volumes, and timbres, as well as in speech perception, when we perceive the same words regardless of who is speaking them.